Genesis 21

Chapter 21: The Birth of Isaac

Background History and Timeline: Genesis, traditionally attributed to Moses, was written around the 15th century BCE. It covers events from the creation of the world to the patriarchs of Israel.

Locations Mentioned: The chapter primarily focuses on the region of Canaan, where Abraham resides.

Themes and Conflicts: Genesis 21 narrates the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham and Sarah with the birth of their son Isaac. It explores themes of faith, divine providence, and the faithfulness of God.

Main Characters: Abraham, Sarah, Isaac, Hagar, and Ishmael are the main characters in this chapter.

Specific Passages:

• Genesis 21:1-2: "The Lord visited Sarah as he had said, and the Lord did to Sarah as he had promised. And Sarah conceived and bore Abraham a son in his old age at the time of which God had spoken to him."

• Genesis 21:6-7: "And Sarah said, 'God has made laughter for me; everyone who hears will laugh over me.' And she said, 'Who would have said to Abraham that Sarah would nurse children? Yet I have borne him a son in his old age.'"

Explanation: Genesis 21 describes how God fulfills His promise to Abraham and Sarah by granting them a son, Isaac, in their old age. Sarah expresses her joy and amazement at God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promise, despite the impossibility of human circumstances.

The chapter also details the tension between Sarah and Hagar, as Sarah insists that Hagar and Ishmael be sent away to ensure Isaac's inheritance. God assures Abraham of His plan for Ishmael's future and provides for Hagar and Ishmael in the wilderness.

Genesis 21 underscores the importance of trusting in God's timing and faithfulness, even when circumstances seem impossible. It highlights God's sovereignty in bringing about His purposes and His care for those who trust in Him.

Moses is traditionally attributed as the author of Genesis, including Chapter 21.